Agathis philippinensis - Manila copal

Description and Uses

Agathis philippinensis (Manila copal) is a tropical tree from Malaysia & Indonesia . It is mainly grown for its ornamental crops , which have a medium shelf life. The crop is harvested by total removing. It starts flowering after 0 - 0 years. The yield will be {missing data}, but in its top season there will be a yield of {missing data}. Other crop types include; ornamental, timber, gum resin, . The {missing data} is used as {missing data} . The {missing data} is used as " {missing data} " with {missing data} ({missing data} - {missing data}) as its significant phytochemical. There is {missing data} extracted by {missing data} from the tree's {missing data} yielding {missing data} - {missing data} oil. The tree's wood is called {missing data} and has a density of 430 - 450 kg/m³. Regarding firewood production the tree's growing speed is fast, it's energetic value is 0 ckal/kg and the wood's drying speed is {missing data}. After 45 years the tree can be totally removed as it reached its commercial and ecological goal. Agathis philippinensis has a lifespan of 700 years.

Environmental limitations

The tree is 60 meters tall with a crown of 30 meters wide. The tree prefers a planting distance of 500 cm and a row distance of 900 cm. It is very fast growing and partial shade tolerant. Agathis philippinensis has a deep root-system and it has symbiotic associations with the fungi (ecto-mycorrhiza). It is not able to fix nitrogen with "any bacteria. The name(s) or string of bacteria include(s) "not applicable ". The tree's flower-morphology is monoecious and is pollinated by {missing data}. Agathis philippinensis is {missing data} and {missing data} and has no thorns.

Agathis philippinensis thrives in an altitude of 150 to 2200 meters above sea-level (tropical). The minimum temperature is 0°C; optimally between 22 - 32°C. The optimal rainfall is 5000 mm/year. Without irrigation the annual rainfall should be between 2500 - 5000mm (L/m²). The optimal soil-pH is between 4.0 - 6.0 in a soil texture of loam. To salt it is {missing data} to wind {missing data} and to fire {missing data}.

Pests and Diseases

Agathis philippinensis is susceptible to the following pests: Aesiotes notabilis . And it's susceptible to the following diseases: (missing data) , , .

Seed Propagation

Seeds are {missing data} and can be stored for 2 months. There are approximative 5500 seeds/kg. The seeds can be propagated as followed: {missing data}