Description and Uses
Dalbergia sissoo (Shisam) is a
tropical
tree from
East India . It is mainly grown for its
timber crops
, which have a
long shelf life. The crop is harvested by
total removing. It starts flowering after
3 -
5 years. The yield will be
7.7 m x 8 cm in 4 years, but in its top season there will be a yield of
95 m3/ha in 20 years. Other crop types include;
oil, ornamental, fertilization, timber, fuel, . The
{missing data} is used as
inedible . The
fresh leaf is used as "
appeasement, " with
tannic acid (1.8%pods -
2.2%pods) as its significant
phytochemical. There is
Sissoo wood lubricant oil extracted by
steam distillation from the
tree's
seed/nut yielding
5.30% -
5.40% oil. The
tree's wood is called
rosewood shisham and has a density of
620 -
820 kg/m³. Regarding firewood production the
tree's growing speed is
fast, it's energetic value is
5181 ckal/kg and the wood's drying speed is
fast. After
24 years the
tree can be totally removed as it reached its commercial and ecological goal.
Dalbergia sissoo has a lifespan of
150 years.
Environmental limitations
The tree is
30 meters tall with a crown of
15 meters wide. The
tree prefers a planting distance of
600 cm and a row distance of
600 cm. It is
very fast growing and
intolerant to shade.
Dalbergia sissoo has a
shallow root-system and it has symbiotic associations with the
fungi
(endo-mycorrhiza). It is
able to fix nitrogen moderately with
"Rhizobiaceae bacteria. The name(s) or string of bacteria include(s)
"not applicable ". The
tree's flower-morphology is
dioecious and is pollinated by
wind.
Dalbergia sissoo is
deciduous in winter and
a bit allelopathic and has
no thorns.
Dalbergia sissoo thrives in an altitude of
0 to
1500 meters above sea-level
(tropical). The minimum temperature is
-4°C; optimally between
20 -
45°C. The optimal rainfall is
2750
mm/year. Without irrigation the annual rainfall should be between
500 -
4500mm (L/m²). The optimal soil-pH is between
5.0 -
8.0 in a soil texture of
sand. To salt it is
a bit tolerant to wind
a bit tolerant and to fire
intolerant.
Pests and Diseases
Dalbergia sissoo is susceptible to the following pests:
. And it's susceptible to the following diseases:
(missing data) ,
,
.
Seed Propagation
Seeds are
orthodox and can be stored for
4 months. There are approximative
42500
seeds/kg. The seeds can be propagated as followed:
- (1) Store harvested seeds dry at room temperature
- (3) Remove the seeds from cold to a permanent warm temperature.
- (3) Seeds germinate above ground (epigeous)
